MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/related; boundary="----=_NextPart_01C9561B.E02D7130"

Ce document est une page Web à fichier unique, ou fichier archive Web.  Si ce message est affiché, votre navigateur ou votre éditeur ne prend pas en charge les fichiers archives Web.  Téléchargez un navigateur qui prend en charge les archives Web, par exemple Microsoft Internet Explorer.

------=_NextPart_01C9561B.E02D7130
Content-Location: file:///C:/24F92985/Infolettre_epidemiologie.htm
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii"

<html xmlns:v=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml"
xmlns:o=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"
xmlns:w=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word"
xmlns:st1=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"
xmlns=3D"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40">

<head>
<meta http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3Dus-ascii">
<meta name=3DProgId content=3DWord.Document>
<meta name=3DGenerator content=3D"Microsoft Word 11">
<meta name=3DOriginator content=3D"Microsoft Word 11">
<link rel=3DFile-List href=3D"Infolettre_epidemiologie_fichiers/filelist.xm=
l">
<link rel=3DEdit-Time-Data href=3D"Infolettre_epidemiologie_fichiers/editda=
ta.mso">
<!--[if !mso]>
<style>
v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<title>Informations sur les termes utilis&eacute;s dans les &eacute;tudes
cliniques</title>
<o:SmartTagType namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"
 name=3D"PersonName"/>
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
 <o:DocumentProperties>
  <o:Author>CHUQ</o:Author>
  <o:Template>Normal</o:Template>
  <o:LastAuthor>CHUQ</o:LastAuthor>
  <o:Revision>2</o:Revision>
  <o:TotalTime>13</o:TotalTime>
  <o:Created>2008-12-04T19:23:00Z</o:Created>
  <o:LastSaved>2008-12-04T19:23:00Z</o:LastSaved>
  <o:Pages>1</o:Pages>
  <o:Words>930</o:Words>
  <o:Characters>5117</o:Characters>
  <o:Company>CHUQ</o:Company>
  <o:Lines>42</o:Lines>
  <o:Paragraphs>12</o:Paragraphs>
  <o:CharactersWithSpaces>6035</o:CharactersWithSpaces>
  <o:Version>11.9999</o:Version>
 </o:DocumentProperties>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
 <w:WordDocument>
  <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone>
  <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
  <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
  <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
  <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
  <w:Compatibility>
   <w:SelectEntireFieldWithStartOrEnd/>
   <w:UseWord2002TableStyleRules/>
  </w:Compatibility>
  <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel>
 </w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
 <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState=3D"false" LatentStyleCount=3D"156">
 </w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><object
 classid=3D"clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D" id=3Dieooui></objec=
t>
<style>
st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) }
</style>
<![endif]-->
<style>
<!--
 /* Font Definitions */
 @font-face
	{font-family:Tahoma;
	panose-1:2 11 6 4 3 5 4 4 2 4;
	mso-font-charset:0;
	mso-generic-font-family:swiss;
	mso-font-pitch:variable;
	mso-font-signature:1627421319 -2147483648 8 0 66047 0;}
 /* Style Definitions */
 p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
	{mso-style-parent:"";
	margin:0cm;
	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
	font-size:12.0pt;
	font-family:"Times New Roman";
	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";}
h1
	{mso-style-next:Normal;
	margin:0cm;
	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
	text-align:justify;
	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
	page-break-after:avoid;
	mso-outline-level:1;
	font-size:12.0pt;
	font-family:"Times New Roman";
	mso-font-kerning:0pt;}
p.MsoCommentText, li.MsoCommentText, div.MsoCommentText
	{mso-style-noshow:yes;
	margin:0cm;
	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
	font-size:10.0pt;
	font-family:"Times New Roman";
	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";}
p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
	{margin:0cm;
	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
	tab-stops:center 216.0pt right 432.0pt;
	font-size:12.0pt;
	font-family:"Times New Roman";
	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";}
p.MsoFooter, li.MsoFooter, div.MsoFooter
	{margin:0cm;
	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
	tab-stops:center 216.0pt right 432.0pt;
	font-size:12.0pt;
	font-family:"Times New Roman";
	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";}
span.MsoCommentReference
	{mso-style-noshow:yes;
	mso-ansi-font-size:8.0pt;
	mso-bidi-font-size:8.0pt;}
p.MsoTitle, li.MsoTitle, div.MsoTitle
	{margin:0cm;
	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
	text-align:center;
	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
	font-size:12.0pt;
	font-family:"Times New Roman";
	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
	font-weight:bold;}
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
	{color:blue;
	text-decoration:underline;
	text-underline:single;}
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
	{color:purple;
	text-decoration:underline;
	text-underline:single;}
p.MsoCommentSubject, li.MsoCommentSubject, div.MsoCommentSubject
	{mso-style-noshow:yes;
	mso-style-parent:Commentaire;
	mso-style-next:Commentaire;
	margin:0cm;
	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
	font-size:10.0pt;
	font-family:"Times New Roman";
	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
	font-weight:bold;}
p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
	{mso-style-noshow:yes;
	margin:0cm;
	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
	font-size:8.0pt;
	font-family:Tahoma;
	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";}
 /* Page Definitions */
 @page
	{mso-footnote-separator:url("Infolettre_epidemiologie_fichiers/header.htm"=
) fs;
	mso-footnote-continuation-separator:url("Infolettre_epidemiologie_fichiers=
/header.htm") fcs;
	mso-endnote-separator:url("Infolettre_epidemiologie_fichiers/header.htm") =
es;
	mso-endnote-continuation-separator:url("Infolettre_epidemiologie_fichiers/=
header.htm") ecs;}
@page Section1
	{size:612.0pt 792.0pt;
	margin:99.9pt 90.0pt 72.0pt 90.0pt;
	mso-header-margin:35.4pt;
	mso-footer-margin:35.4pt;
	mso-header:url("Infolettre_epidemiologie_fichiers/header.htm") h1;
	mso-paper-source:0;}
div.Section1
	{page:Section1;}
-->
</style>
<!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
 /* Style Definitions */
 table.MsoNormalTable
	{mso-style-name:"Tableau Normal";
	mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
	mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
	mso-style-noshow:yes;
	mso-style-parent:"";
	mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
	mso-para-margin:0cm;
	mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
	font-size:10.0pt;
	font-family:"Times New Roman";
	mso-ansi-language:#0400;
	mso-fareast-language:#0400;
	mso-bidi-language:#0400;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
</head>

<body lang=3DFR-CA link=3Dblue vlink=3Dpurple style=3D'tab-interval:35.4pt'>

<div class=3DSection1>

<p class=3DMsoTitle><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0=
pt;
font-family:Arial'>Termes utilis&eacute;s dans les &eacute;tudes cliniques =
et
&eacute;l&eacute;ments de statistiques<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Pour analyser et critiquer les
conclusions d&#8217;&eacute;tudes cliniques, il est bien souvent
n&eacute;cessaire de conna&icirc;tre les termes utilis&eacute;s dans les
sections traitant de la m&eacute;thode et des r&eacute;sultats obtenus.<span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span>Une fois ma&icirc;tris&eacute;s, c=
es
termes techniques permettront au lecteur de mieux positionner une &eacute;t=
ude
par rapport aux &eacute;tudes semblables en termes de points forts, de poin=
ts
faibles et de r&eacute;sultats obtenus.<span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>&nb=
sp;
</span>Voici donc une explication de quelques termes fr&eacute;quemment
rencontr&eacute;s.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><b><span style=3D'font-si=
ze:11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Intention de traiter (intentio=
n to
treat)<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.=
0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Les analyses men&eacute;es en intention de traiter inclu=
ent
dans chacun des groupes tous les patients qui ont &eacute;t&eacute;
randomis&eacute;s ou assign&eacute;s de quelconque fa&ccedil;on &agrave; ce
groupe </span><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black=
'>sans
tenir compte de l&#8217;observance au traitement, d&#8217;un </span><span
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>&eac=
ute;ventuel
retrait de patients de l'&eacute;tude ou </span><span style=3D'font-size:11=
.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>d'&eacute;ventuelles
d&eacute;viations au protocole.<span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </sp=
an>Par
exemple, un patient qui devait recevoir le traitement actif d&#8217;une
&eacute;tude verra ses donn&eacute;es et r&eacute;sultats comptabilis&eacut=
e;s
dans le groupe du traitement actif, qu&#8217;il ait ou non pris le
m&eacute;dicament durant l&#8217;&eacute;tude.<span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span>Ce type d&#8217;analyse permet
g&eacute;n&eacute;ralement une meilleure validit&eacute; externe de
l&#8217;&eacute;tude.<span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span>Une mei=
lleure
validit&eacute; externe signifie des r&eacute;sultats plus facilement
g&eacute;n&eacute;ralisables &agrave; la population chez qui nous voulons
appliquer les r&eacute;sultats par la suite.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><b><span lang=3DEN-CA
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;mso-a=
nsi-language:
EN-CA'>Par </span></b><b><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size=
:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>protocole</span></b><b><span lang=3DEN-CA style=3D'font-=
size:
11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:EN-CA'=
> (per
protocol)<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Les analyses par protocole son=
t,
&agrave; l&#8217;oppos&eacute; des analyses en intention de traiter, des
analyses o&ugrave; se retrouvent dans chacun des groupes seulement ceux qui=
 ont
re&ccedil;u le traitement auquel ils &eacute;taient assign&eacute;s.<span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span>Cela permet de d&eacute;montrer
l&#8217;efficacit&eacute; r&eacute;elle d&#8217;un traitement appliqu&eacut=
e;
correctement, mais les r&eacute;sultats sont plus difficilement
g&eacute;n&eacute;ralisables &agrave; une population utilisant parfois le
traitement de fa&ccedil;on incorrecte.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<h1><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:A=
rial'>Lumi&egrave;re
sur les r&eacute;ductions du risque et le nombre n&eacute;cessaire &agrave;
traiter<o:p></o:p></span></h1>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Supposons un groupe sous
traitement actif constitu&eacute; de 100 patients et un groupe contr&ocirc;=
le,
sous placebo, constitu&eacute; &eacute;galement de 100 patients.<span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span>Supposons &eacute;galement que 15
patients du groupe contr&ocirc;le (placebo) soient d&eacute;c&eacute;d&eacu=
te;s
alors que seulement 10 patients du groupe avec traitement actif sont
d&eacute;c&eacute;d&eacute;s.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Le <b>risque relatif (RR, rela=
tive
risk, hazard ratio)</b> entre deux groupes repr&eacute;sente la proportion
qu&#8217;a un groupe trait&eacute; de diminuer (RR &lt; 1) ou d&#8217;augme=
nter
(RR &gt; 1) la survenue d&#8217;un &eacute;v&eacute;nement par rapport au
groupe contr&ocirc;le.<span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span>Dans
l&#8217;exemple mentionn&eacute;, le risque relatif du traitement actif ser=
ait
de 66,7&nbsp;% (ou 0,667) car, toute proportion gard&eacute;e, le groupe
trait&eacute; n&#8217;a eu que les deux tiers des &eacute;v&eacute;nements
observ&eacute;s dans le groupe contr&ocirc;le (10&nbsp;% vs 15&nbsp;%).<o:p=
></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>La <b>r&eacute;duction du risq=
ue
relatif (RRR, relative risk reduction)</b> est le compl&eacute;ment du risq=
ue
relatif (1-RR).<span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span>Ainsi,
l&#8217;exemple mentionn&eacute; nous donnera un RRR de 33,3&nbsp;% (ou
0,333).<span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span>Il est possible d&#82=
17;obtenir
une augmentation du risque relatif (RR-1) lorsque le risque relatif est
sup&eacute;rieur &agrave; 1.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>La <b>r&eacute;duction du risq=
ue
absolu (RRA, absolute risk reduction)</b> correspond &agrave; la
diff&eacute;rence absolue des &eacute;v&eacute;nements entre les deux group=
es,
toute proportion gard&eacute;e.<span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;
</span>Dans l&#8217;exemple utilis&eacute; jusqu&#8217;ici, alors qu&#8217;=
il y
avait 15&nbsp;% des patients du groupe contr&ocirc;le qui ont
pr&eacute;sent&eacute; l&#8217;&eacute;v&eacute;nement, seulement 10&nbsp;%=
 des
patients trait&eacute;s ont pr&eacute;sent&eacute; l&#8217;&eacute;v&eacute=
;nement.<span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span>La r&eacute;duction du risque abso=
lue
est donc de 5&nbsp;% (15&nbsp;% - 10&nbsp;% =3D 5&nbsp;%).<span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span>Notez la grande diff&eacute;rence =
qui
peut exister entre <st1:PersonName ProductID=3D"la RRA" w:st=3D"on">la RRA<=
/st1:PersonName>
et <st1:PersonName ProductID=3D"la RRR.  Il" w:st=3D"on">la RRR.<span
 style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span>Il</st1:PersonName> est donc impo=
rtant
de toujours mentionner si une r&eacute;duction du risque donn&eacute;e est =
en
terme absolu ou relatif.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Le <b>nombre n&eacute;cessaire
&agrave; traiter (NNT, number needed to treat)</b> est une mesure
d&#8217;utilit&eacute; d&#8217;un traitement.<span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span>Concr&egrave;tement, cette valeur
s&#8217;obtient en calculant l&#8217;inverse du RRA.<span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span>Toujours dans l&#8217;exemple que =
nous
avons donn&eacute;, le NNT serait de 20 (0,05<sup>-1</sup> =3D 20).<span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span>Cela signifie qu&#8217;en implanta=
nt le
traitement donn&eacute; &agrave; notre groupe sous traitement actif &agrave;
une population comparable plut&ocirc;t que de leur donner le traitement du
groupe contr&ocirc;le (le placebo dans notre cas), il sera th&eacute;orique=
ment
n&eacute;cessaire de traiter 20 patients pour qu&#8217;un patient de plus
obtienne des b&eacute;n&eacute;fices (il serait n&eacute;cessaire de traite=
r 20
patients pour qu&#8217;un patient de plus survive, car 17 des 20 patients
survivraient th&eacute;oriquement avec placebo et 18 des 20 patients
survivraient th&eacute;oriquement avec le traitement actif).<span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span>Notez que lorsque le groupe sous
traitement en investigation est plus &agrave; risque d&#8217;effets
d&eacute;l&eacute;t&egrave;res (par exemple, risque de saignement) que le
groupe contr&ocirc;le, il est possible de calculer un <b>nombre
n&eacute;cessaire pour nuire (NNH, number needed to harm)</b>.<span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span>Ce NNH se calcule de la m&ecirc;me
fa&ccedil;on que le NNT, et <st1:PersonName ProductID=3D"la RRA" w:st=3D"on=
">la RRA</st1:PersonName>
utilis&eacute;e est alors la diff&eacute;rence absolue des effets
d&eacute;l&eacute;t&egrave;res entre les deux groupes.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Les termes mentionn&eacute;s i=
ci
ne repr&eacute;sentent qu&#8217;une partie des diff&eacute;rents termes
techniques pouvant &ecirc;tre rencontr&eacute;s lors de la lecture
d&#8217;articles d&#8217;&eacute;tudes cliniques.<span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span>En cas d&#8217;interrogation sur
d&#8217;autres termes non pr&eacute;sent&eacute;s dans les lignes
pr&eacute;c&eacute;dentes, le lecteur est invit&eacute; &agrave; consulter =
les
r&eacute;f&eacute;rences qui suivent.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dright style=3D'text-align:right'><span style=
=3D'font-size:
11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>L&#8217;&eacute;quipe du
CIM<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dright style=3D'text-align:right'><span style=
=3D'font-size:
11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>D&eacute;cembre 2008<o:=
p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:=
12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>R&eacute;f&eacute;rences et liens utiles</span></b><span
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>&nbs=
p;:<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.=
0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.=
0pt;
font-family:Arial'>AHRQ Effective Health Care Program &#8211; Glossary [en
ligne] </span><span lang=3DEN-CA style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-si=
ze:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:EN-CA'><a
href=3D"http://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/tools.cfm?tooltype=3Dglossary">=
<span
lang=3DFR-CA style=3D'mso-ansi-language:FR-CA'>http://effectivehealthcare.a=
hrq.gov/tools.cfm?tooltype=3Dglossary</span></a></span><span
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'> (pa=
ge
consult&eacute;e le 17 novembre 2008)<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.=
0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.=
0pt;
font-family:Arial'>BMJ Clinical Evidence, section sur les outils de la
m&eacute;decine bas&eacute;e sur la preuve [en ligne] <a
href=3D"http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/ceweb/resources/tools.jsp">http://c=
linicalevidence.bmj.com/ceweb/resources/tools.jsp</a>
(page consult&eacute;e le 30 octobre 2008)<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.=
0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<h1 align=3Dleft style=3D'text-align:left'><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;font-weight:normal'>Site des
sciences m&eacute;dicales de l&#8217;universit&eacute; de Oxford, section
&laquo;&nbsp;The what-is methods download page&nbsp;&raquo; [en ligne] <a
href=3D"http://www.medicine.ox.ac.uk/bandolier/painres/download/whatis/what=
is.html">http://www.medicine.ox.ac.uk/bandolier/painres/download/whatis/wha=
tis.html</a>
(page consult&eacute;e le 30 octobre 2008)<o:p></o:p></span></h1>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.=
0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-align:justify'><span style=3D'font-size:=
11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Beaucage C, Bonnier Vigier Y.
&Eacute;pid&eacute;miologie appliqu&eacute;e. Une initiation &agrave; la
lecture critique de la litt&eacute;rature en sciences de la sant&eacute;.
Montr&eacute;al: Ga&euml;tan Morin &eacute;diteur; 1996.</span></p>

</div>

</body>

</html>

------=_NextPart_01C9561B.E02D7130
Content-Location: file:///C:/24F92985/Infolettre_epidemiologie_fichiers/header.htm
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii"

<html xmlns:v=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml"
xmlns:o=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"
xmlns:w=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word"
xmlns:st1=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"
xmlns=3D"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40">

<head>
<meta http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3Dus-ascii">
<meta name=3DProgId content=3DWord.Document>
<meta name=3DGenerator content=3D"Microsoft Word 11">
<meta name=3DOriginator content=3D"Microsoft Word 11">
<link id=3DMain-File rel=3DMain-File href=3D"../Infolettre_epidemiologie.ht=
m">
<![if IE]>
<base href=3D"file:///C:\24F92985\Infolettre_epidemiologie_fichiers\header.=
htm"
id=3D"webarch_temp_base_tag">
<![endif]><o:SmartTagType
 namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name=3D"Person=
Name"/>
</head>

<body lang=3DFR-CA link=3Dblue vlink=3Dpurple>

<div style=3D'mso-element:footnote-separator' id=3Dfs>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'mso-special-character:footnote-separato=
r'><![if !supportFootnotes]>

<hr align=3Dleft size=3D1 width=3D"33%">

<![endif]></span></p>

</div>

<div style=3D'mso-element:footnote-continuation-separator' id=3Dfcs>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'mso-special-character:footnote-continua=
tion-separator'><![if !supportFootnotes]>

<hr align=3Dleft size=3D1>

<![endif]></span></p>

</div>

<div style=3D'mso-element:endnote-separator' id=3Des>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'mso-special-character:footnote-separato=
r'><![if !supportFootnotes]>

<hr align=3Dleft size=3D1 width=3D"33%">

<![endif]></span></p>

</div>

<div style=3D'mso-element:endnote-continuation-separator' id=3Decs>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'mso-special-character:footnote-continua=
tion-separator'><![if !supportFootnotes]>

<hr align=3Dleft size=3D1>

<![endif]></span></p>

</div>

<div style=3D'mso-element:header' id=3Dh1>

<p class=3DMsoHeader><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id=3D"_x0000_t75" coor=
dsize=3D"21600,21600"
 o:spt=3D"75" o:preferrelative=3D"t" path=3D"m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled=
=3D"f"
 stroked=3D"f">
 <v:stroke joinstyle=3D"miter"/>
 <v:formulas>
  <v:f eqn=3D"if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"/>
  <v:f eqn=3D"sum @0 1 0"/>
  <v:f eqn=3D"sum 0 0 @1"/>
  <v:f eqn=3D"prod @2 1 2"/>
  <v:f eqn=3D"prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"/>
  <v:f eqn=3D"prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"/>
  <v:f eqn=3D"sum @0 0 1"/>
  <v:f eqn=3D"prod @6 1 2"/>
  <v:f eqn=3D"prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"/>
  <v:f eqn=3D"sum @8 21600 0"/>
  <v:f eqn=3D"prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"/>
  <v:f eqn=3D"sum @10 21600 0"/>
 </v:formulas>
 <v:path o:extrusionok=3D"f" gradientshapeok=3D"t" o:connecttype=3D"rect"/>
 <o:lock v:ext=3D"edit" aspectratio=3D"t"/>
</v:shapetype><v:shape id=3D"_x0000_i1025" type=3D"#_x0000_t75" style=3D'wi=
dth:119.25pt;
 height:47.25pt'>
 <v:imagedata src=3D"image001.gif" o:title=3D"CIM petit"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--></p>

</div>

</body>

</html>

------=_NextPart_01C9561B.E02D7130
Content-Location: file:///C:/24F92985/Infolettre_epidemiologie_fichiers/image001.gif
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Type: image/gif
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------=_NextPart_01C9561B.E02D7130
Content-Location: file:///C:/24F92985/Infolettre_epidemiologie_fichiers/filelist.xml
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-Type: text/xml; charset="utf-8"

<xml xmlns:o=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office">
 <o:MainFile HRef=3D"../Infolettre_epidemiologie.htm"/>
 <o:File HRef=3D"header.htm"/>
 <o:File HRef=3D"image001.gif"/>
 <o:File HRef=3D"filelist.xml"/>
</xml>
------=_NextPart_01C9561B.E02D7130--
